In OSA, the muscles in your airway — especially those around the tongue and jaw — relax too much during sleep and can cause the lower jaw to shift slightly backward, which may also move the tongue toward the back of the throat. As a result, the tongue can partially or completely block the airway, making it difficult to breathe properly. Patients with OSA will snore loudly, gasp for air, or make choking sounds as the body tries to restore airflow, all indications that your body is struggling to get oxygen.
Another contributing factor to OSA is excess soft tissue in the throat. People with obesity are at higher risk because fatty tissue can narrow the airway further, increasing the chance of obstruction during sleep.
In severe cases of OSA, a person will stop breathing several times a minute, amounting to hundreds of times each night. As one might imagine, this is incredibly hard on the body, as all systems require oxygen-rich blood to function properly.